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:: Volume 4, Issue 1 (3-2026) ::
Health Res Develop 2026, 4(1): 55-70 Back to browse issues page
The Effect of Exercise Training on Bone Metabolism Markers: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Yazgaldi Nazari *
golestan university, Department of sports sciences, Faculty of Humanities and social sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran , y.nazari53@gmail.com
Abstract:   (25 Views)
Background: The skeletal system is a dynamic and active metabolic tissue that is constantly involved in a complex process called regeneration. Among non-pharmacological solutions for maintaining and improving bone health, exercise has a special place. However, the effect of exercise on markers of bone metabolism is still controversial. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the effect of exercise on the levels of markers of bone formation, specifically osteocalcin and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase.
methods: Articles published in Persian and English without a time limit until June 1, 2025, were searched and entered into the meta-analysis from the databases Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, and Web of Science for English articles, and the SID and Magiran for Persian articles. Fixed and random effects models were used to meta-analyze the average effect size (difference in mean with 95% confidence interval) in the study on osteocalcin and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase using CMA2 software.
Results: The results of the meta-analysis showed that bone-specific alkaline phosphatase levels increased as a result of exercise (ES=0.33, 95% CI=0.455 to 0.207, P=0.001). The results also showed a significant increase in osteocalcin levels as a result of exercise (ES=0.56, 95% CI=0.74 to 0.37, P=0.001).
Conclusion: Exercise effectively increases bone formation markers, osteocalcin and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase. These findings highlight the role of exercise as a non-pharmacological approach to preventing bone loss.
Keywords: Exercise, bone metabolism, osteocalcin, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase.
Full-Text [PDF 1443 kb]   (14 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Review | Subject: Special
Received: 2025/12/28 | Accepted: 2026/01/22 | Published: 2026/03/21
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nazari Y. (2026). The Effect of Exercise Training on Bone Metabolism Markers: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Health Res Develop. 4(1), 55-70.
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