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Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes and Its Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes during 2008–2011 in Yazd Province: A Historical Cohort Study
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Seyed Mohammad Javad Nezam Alhosseini Ezabadi1   , Seyed Hamid Reza Tabatabaee2 |
1- Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
2- , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences |
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Abstract: (25 Views) |
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic disorder during pregnancy and can lead to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Early detection and proper management of this condition play a key role in reducing maternal and neonatal complications. This study aimed to determine the incidence of gestational diabetes and examine its association with maternal and neonatal outcomes among pregnant women in Yazd Province.
methods: In this retrospective cohort study, data from 47,170 pregnant women who received antenatal care in health centers across Yazd Province from 2008 to 2011 were analyzed. The diagnosis of gestational diabetes was made based on international standard criteria. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Descriptive statistics included mean, standard deviation, frequencies, and percentages. Analytical tests included Chi-square, Student’s t-test, and logistic regression. A significance level of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The incidence of gestational diabetes was estimated at 3/4%. The overall rates of cesarean delivery, difficult labor, postpartum hemorrhage, abortion, stillbirth, congenital heart defects, and neural tube defects were 41/3%, 0/096%, 0/08%, 4.1%, 0/66%, 0/15%, and 0/1%, respectively. Chi-square analysis revealed significant associations between gestational diabetes and cesarean delivery, difficult labor, birth weight ≥4 kg (P<0/0001), and stillbirth (P=0/044). No significant association was found between gestational diabetes and postpartum hemorrhage (P=0/103), congenital heart defects (P=0/301), or neural tube defects (P=0/066). Additionally, abortion was inversely associated with gestational diabetes.
Conclusion: The findings indicate that gestational diabetes is associated with an increased risk of several adverse pregnancy outcomes. Regular and timely screening during pregnancy, educating high-risk mothers, and providing specialized care for affected women can play an important role in preventing maternal and neonatal complications. It is recommended that health policymakers strengthen screening programs and public education efforts to reduce the burden of GDM-related complications |
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| Keywords: Gestational diabetes, pregnancy outcomes, incidence, Yazd |
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Type of Study: Original |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2025/12/3 | Accepted: 2026/02/28
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