fa کیفیت آب آشامیدنی دستگاه های آب شیرین کن شهر گناباد تخصصي Special پژوهشي Original <span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:yekanYW;"><span style="line-height:2;"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="FA"><span style="color:black">سابقه و هدف:</span></span></b> <span lang="FA">دستگاه‌های</span> <span lang="FA">آب ‌شیرین‌کن</span> <span lang="FA">در</span> <span lang="FA">تأمین</span> <span lang="FA">آب</span> <span lang="FA">مورد</span> <span lang="FA">نیاز</span> <span lang="FA">جوامع</span> <span lang="FA">نقش</span> <span lang="FA">بسزایی</span> <span lang="FA">دارند و</span> <span lang="FA">با</span> <span lang="FA">توجه</span> <span lang="FA">به</span> <span lang="FA">افزایش</span> <span lang="FA">مصرف</span> <span lang="FA">آب</span> <span lang="FA">و</span> <span lang="FA">کاهش</span> <span lang="FA">منابع</span> <span lang="FA">طبیعی</span> <span lang="FA">آب</span> <span lang="FA">شیرین،</span> <span lang="FA">این</span> <span lang="FA">نقش</span> <span lang="FA">روز ‌به ‌روز</span> <span lang="FA">پررنگ‌تر</span> <span lang="FA">می‌شود.</span> <span lang="FA">هدف</span> <span lang="FA">از</span> <span lang="FA">این</span> <span lang="FA">مطالعه،</span> <span lang="FA">تعیین</span> <span lang="FA">کیفیت</span> <span lang="FA">آب</span> <span lang="FA">آشامیدنی</span> <span lang="FA">دستگاه‌های</span> <span lang="FA">آب</span> <span lang="FA">شیرین&shy;کن</span> <span lang="FA">شهر</span> <span lang="FA">گناباد</span> <span lang="FA">در</span> <span lang="FA">سال</span><span dir="LTR"> 1399 </span><span lang="FA">و</span> <span lang="FA">مقایسه</span> <span lang="FA">کیفی</span> <span lang="FA">آب</span> <span lang="FA">خروجی</span> <span lang="FA">آن</span> <span lang="FA">با</span> <span lang="FA">استانداردهای</span> <span lang="FA">ملی</span> <span lang="FA">و</span> &nbsp;&nbsp;<span dir="LTR">WHO</span> &nbsp;<span lang="FA">آب</span> <span lang="FA">آشامیدنی است</span><span dir="LTR">.</span></span></span><br> <span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="FA"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">مواد<b> </b>و</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">روش</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">‌</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">ها</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="AR-SA">مطالعه</span> <span lang="AR-SA">حاضر به صورت توصیفی- مقطعی به</span> <span lang="AR-SA">مدت</span> <span lang="AR-SA">سه</span> <span lang="AR-SA">ماه</span> <span lang="AR-SA">از</span> <span lang="AR-SA">طریق</span> <span lang="AR-SA">نمونه‌برداری</span> <span lang="AR-SA">از</span> <span lang="AR-SA">آب</span> <span lang="AR-SA">ورودی</span> <span lang="AR-SA">و</span> <span lang="AR-SA">خروجی</span> <span lang="AR-SA">دستگاه‌</span><span lang="AR-SA">های </span><span lang="AR-SA">آب</span> <span lang="AR-SA">شیرین&shy;کن</span> <span lang="AR-SA">در شهر</span> <span lang="AR-SA">گناباد</span> <span lang="AR-SA">انجام شد. پارامترهای</span> <span lang="AR-SA">سختی</span> <span lang="AR-SA">کل،</span> <span lang="AR-SA">هدایت</span> <span lang="AR-SA">الکتریکی،</span> <span lang="AR-SA">کل</span> <span lang="AR-SA">جامدات</span> <span lang="AR-SA">محلول،</span> <span lang="AR-SA">دما،</span><span dir="LTR">pH </span><span lang="AR-SA">،</span> <span lang="AR-SA">فلوئور،</span> <span lang="AR-SA">نیترات،</span> <span lang="AR-SA">کلرور، سولفات</span> <span lang="AR-SA">و</span> <span lang="AR-SA">سدیم،</span> <span lang="AR-SA">پتاسیم،</span> <span lang="AR-SA">کلسیم،</span> <span lang="AR-SA">منیزیم،</span> <span lang="AR-SA">کلر</span> <span lang="AR-SA">آزاد</span> <span lang="AR-SA">و</span> <span lang="AR-SA">پارامتر </span><span lang="AR-SA">میکروبی</span> <span dir="LTR">HPC</span><span lang="AR-SA">مورد</span> <span lang="AR-SA">بررسی</span> <span lang="AR-SA">قرار</span> <span lang="AR-SA">گرفت</span> <span lang="AR-SA">و</span> <span lang="AR-SA">آنالیز</span> <span lang="AR-SA">داده‌ها</span> <span lang="AR-SA">توسط نرم افزار</span> Excel &nbsp;<span lang="AR-SA">تحلیل</span> <span lang="AR-SA">گردید</span> <span dir="LTR">.</span><span lang="FA"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="FA"><span style="color:black">یافته<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">‌</span>ها</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">:</span></span></b> <span lang="AR-SA">کلرور،</span> <span lang="AR-SA">سختی</span> <span lang="AR-SA">کل و</span> <span dir="LTR">TDS</span> &nbsp;<span lang="AR-SA">کمتر</span> <span lang="AR-SA">از</span> <span lang="AR-SA">حد</span> <span lang="AR-SA">مطلوب</span> <span lang="AR-SA">بوده</span> <span lang="AR-SA">و</span> <span lang="AR-SA">فلوئور</span> <span lang="AR-SA">در</span> <span lang="AR-SA">دو</span> <span lang="AR-SA">مرکز</span> <span lang="AR-SA">از</span> <span lang="AR-SA">میزان</span> <span lang="AR-SA">استاندارد</span> <span lang="AR-SA">ملی</span> <span lang="AR-SA">کمتر</span> <span lang="AR-SA">بوده</span> <span lang="AR-SA">و غلظت</span> <span lang="AR-SA">سایر</span> <span lang="AR-SA">پارامترهای</span> <span lang="AR-SA">شیمیایی</span> <span lang="AR-SA">و</span> <span lang="AR-SA">فیزیکی</span> <span lang="AR-SA">مورد</span> <span lang="AR-SA">مطالعه</span> <span lang="AR-SA">در</span> <span lang="AR-SA">محدوده</span> <span lang="AR-SA">قابل</span> <span lang="AR-SA">قبول</span> <span lang="AR-SA">بود. در</span> <span lang="AR-SA">آب</span> <span lang="AR-SA">خروجی</span> <span lang="AR-SA">دستگاه‌ها،</span> <span lang="AR-SA">اکثر پارامترهای</span> <span lang="AR-SA">کیفی</span> <span lang="AR-SA">بررسی</span> <span lang="AR-SA">شده</span> <span lang="AR-SA">نسبت</span> <span lang="AR-SA">به</span> <span lang="AR-SA">آب</span> <span lang="AR-SA">ورودی</span> <span lang="AR-SA">در</span> <span lang="AR-SA">سه</span> <span lang="AR-SA">مرکز،</span> <span lang="AR-SA">حدود</span> <span lang="AR-SA">65/50،</span><span dir="LTR"> 53/43 </span><span lang="AR-SA">و</span><span dir="LTR"> 68/90 </span><span lang="AR-SA">درصد</span> <span lang="AR-SA">کاهش</span> <span lang="AR-SA">یافته</span> <span lang="AR-SA">بود</span> <span lang="AR-SA">و مقادیر</span> <span lang="AR-SA">خروجی نیز</span> <span lang="AR-SA">در</span> <span lang="AR-SA">حد</span> <span lang="AR-SA">استاندارد</span> <span lang="AR-SA">بود</span> <span dir="LTR">.</span><span lang="FA"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="FA"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">نتیجه گیری:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="FA"><span style="color:black">دستگاه آب </span></span><span lang="AR-SA">شیرین‌کن</span> <span lang="AR-SA">با</span> <span lang="AR-SA">فرآیند</span> <span lang="AR-SA">اسمز</span> <span lang="AR-SA">معکوس</span> <span lang="AR-SA">قابلیت</span> <span lang="AR-SA">بالایی</span> <span lang="AR-SA">در</span> <span lang="AR-SA">تهیه</span> <span lang="AR-SA">آب</span> <span lang="AR-SA">آشامیدنی</span> <span lang="AR-SA">سالم</span> <span lang="AR-SA">مطابق</span> <span lang="AR-SA">با استانداردهای</span> <span lang="AR-SA">ملی </span>WHO<span lang="AR-SA"> دارد.</span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:yekanYW;"><span style="line-height:2;"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span dir="LTR" style="font-family:IRNazanin"></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif=""><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" times="">Background and purpose:</span></span></span></b><span new="" roman="" times=""> Access to safe drinking water sources is a very important and vital issue that every year 1.1 billion people in the world do not have access to safe drinking water sources. Water softeners play a significant role in providing the water needed by communities, and due to the increase in water consumption and the decrease in natural fresh water resources, this role becomes more prominent day by day. The purpose of this study is to investigate the drinking water quality of Gonabad water desalination devices in 2019 and to compare the quality of its output water with national and WHO drinking water standards.</span><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif=""><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" times="">Materials and methods</span></span></span></b><b><span new="" roman="" times="">:</span></b><span new="" roman="" times=""> This study was performed by sampling inlet and outlet water of desalination plants working process in Gonabad during 3 times in 2020. Total hardness, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), temperature, pH, fluoride, nitrate, chloride, sulfate, sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium and microbiological parameter HPC were investigated. Data analysis was performed by Excel version 2016.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif=""><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" times="">Results:</span></span></span></b><span new="" roman="" times=""> Chloride, total hardness, TDS was less than optimal and fluorine was lower than Iranian or WHO guidelines in both centers. And the concentration of other chemical and physical parameters studied was within acceptable limits. In desalinated water, most of the studied quality parameters were reduced by about 65.50, 53.43 and 68.90% compared to the incoming water in the three centers, and the output values were within the standard range.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif=""><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" times="">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b><span new="" roman="" times=""> Desalination plants have a high efficiency in providing safe drinking water based on qualitative standards.</span></span></span></span></span></span> کیفیت آب, تصفیه آب, آب شیرین‌کن, گناباد Water quality, Water treatment, Desalination systems, Gonabad 58 69 http://jhrd.trjums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-69-3&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Ahmad Zarei احمد زارعی a.zarei.tums@gmail.com 10031947532846001323 10031947532846001323 No gonabad university of medical science بهداشت محیط دانشکده بهداشت دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد Mehdi Qasemi مهدی قاسمی mehdi-544@yahoo.com 10031947532846001324 10031947532846001324 No gonabad university of medical science کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد Zahra Basiti زهرا بسیطی z.basiti@gmail.com 10031947532846001325 10031947532846001325 No gonabad university of medical science کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد Maryam Afkar sorond مریم افکار سرند m.afkar@gmail.com 10031947532846001326 10031947532846001326 No gonabad university of medical science کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد Saeed Naghizade سعید نقی زاده saeed.naghizade@gmail.com 10031947532846001327 10031947532846001327 No gonabad university of medical science کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد Sajjad Abedi سجاد عابدی s.abedi@gmail.com 10031947532846001328 10031947532846001328 No gonabad university of medical science کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد Hasan Reza Rokni حسن رضا رکنی h.r.rokni@gmail.com 0910109680 10031947532846001329 Yes gonabad university of medical science کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد